Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2005) - Cook Islands (2006)

Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2005) z Cook Islands (2006)

	Turks and Caicos Islands (2005)	Cook Islands (2006)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none
Age structure	0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,396/female 3,277) 15-64 years: 63.8% (male 6,900/female 6,220) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 342/female 421) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 34.1% (male 2,718/female 2,388) 15-64 years: 59.5% (male 4,531/female 4,395) 65 years and over: 6.4% (male 489/female 469) (2001 census)
Agriculture - products	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish	copra, citrus, pineapples, tomatoes, beans, pawpaws, bananas, yams, taro, coffee; pigs, poultry
Airports	8 (2004 est.)	9 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)	total: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 236.7 sq km land: 236.7 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	1.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.	Named after Captain COOK, who sighted them in 1770, the islands became a British protectorate in 1888. By 1900, administrative control was transferred to New Zealand; in 1965 residents chose self-government in free association with New Zealand. The emigration of skilled workers to New Zealand and government deficits are continuing problems.
Birth rate	22.23 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	21 births/1,000 population (2001 census)
Budget	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997-98 est.)	revenues: $70.95 million expenditures: $69.05 million; including capital expenditures of $5.744 million (FY00/01 est.)
Capital	Grand Turk	name: Avarua geographic coordinates: 21 12 S, 159 46 W time difference: UTC-10 (5 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry	tropical oceanic; moderated by trade winds; a dry season from April to November and a more humid season from December to March
Coastline	389 km	120 km
Constitution	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988	4 August 1965
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Cook Islands former: Harvey Islands
Death rate	4.28 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	NA	$141 million (1996 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense, in consultation with the Cook Islands
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international	have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder	none
Economic aid - recipient	$4.1 million (1997)	$13.1 million; note - New Zealand continues to furnish the greater part (1995)
Economy - overview	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the annual 93,000 visitors in the late 1990s. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.	Like many other South Pacific island nations, the Cook Islands' economic development is hindered by the isolation of the country from foreign markets, the limited size of domestic markets, lack of natural resources, periodic devastation from natural disasters, and inadequate infrastructure. Agriculture, employing about 70% of the working population, provides the economic base with major exports made up of copra and citrus fruit. Black pearls are the Cook Island's leading export. Manufacturing activities are limited to fruit processing, clothing, and handicrafts. Trade deficits are offset by remittances from emigrants and by foreign aid, overwhelmingly from New Zealand. In the 1980s and 1990s, the country lived beyond its means, maintaining a bloated public service and accumulating a large foreign debt. Subsequent reforms, including the sale of state assets, the strengthening of economic management, the encouragement of tourism, and a debt restructuring agreement, have rekindled investment and growth.
Electricity - consumption	4.65 million kWh (2002)	34.46 million kWh (2005 est.)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production	5 million kWh (2002)	28 million kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Te Manga 652 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater	NA
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%	Cook Island Maori (Polynesian) 87.7%, part Cook Island Maori 5.8%, other 6.5% (2001 census)
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Richard TAUWHARE (since 11 July 2005) head of government: Chief Minister Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Frederick GOODWIN (since 9 February 2001); New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since 6 September 2005), representative of New Zealand head of government: Prime Minister Jim MARURAI (since 14 December 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Terepai MAOATE (since 9 August 2005) cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister; collectively responsible to Parliament elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the UK representative is appointed by the monarch; the New Zealand high commissioner is appointed by the New Zealand Government; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually becomes prime minister
Exports	NA	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells	copra, papayas, fresh and canned citrus fruit, coffee; fish; pearls and pearl shells; clothing
Exports - partners	US, UK	Australia 34%, Japan 27%, New Zealand 25%, US 8% (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for every island) centered in the outer half of the flag
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 15.1% industry: 9.6% services: 75.3% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $11,500 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	4.9% (2000 est.)	0.1% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	21 45 N, 71 35 W	21 14 S, 159 46 W
Geography - note	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)	the northern Cook Islands are seven low-lying, sparsely populated, coral atolls; the southern Cook Islands, where most of the population lives, consist of eight elevated, fertile, volcanic isles, including the largest, Rarotonga, at 67 sq km
Highways	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	-
Imports	NA	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials	foodstuffs, textiles, fuels, timber, capital goods
Imports - partners	US, UK	New Zealand 61%, Fiji 19%, US 9%, Australia 6%, Japan 2% (2004)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (became self-governing in free association with New Zealand on 4 August 1965 and has the right at any time to move to full independence by unilateral action)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	1% (2002)
Industries	tourism, offshore financial services	fruit processing, tourism, fishing, clothing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	total: 15.67 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.11 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4% (1995)	2.1% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU	ACP, AsDB, FAO, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFRCS, IOC, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	High Court
Labor force	4,848 (1990 est.)	6,820 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services	agriculture: 29% industry: 15% services: 56% (1995)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (2001)	arable land: 16.67% permanent crops: 8.33% other: 75% (2005)
Languages	English (official)	English (official), Maori
Legal system	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas	based on New Zealand law and English common law
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held in 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5	bicameral Parliament consisting of a lower house or Legislative Assembly with 25 seats (24 seats representing districts of the Cook Islands and one seat representing Cook Islanders living overseas; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and an upper house or House of Ariki made up of traditional leaders elections: last held 26 September 2006 (next to be held by 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - Demo 51.9%, CIP 45.5%, independent 2.7%; seats by party - Demo 15, CIP 8, independent 1 note: the House of Ariki advises on traditional matters and maintains considerable influence, but has no legislative powers
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 74.51 years male: 72.28 years female: 76.84 years (2005 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)	definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine	-	total: 6 ships (1000 GRT or over) 48,422 GRT/51,900 DWT by type: cargo 2, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 3 foreign-owned: 5 (Norway 1, NZ 1, Sweden 3) (2006)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand, in consultation with the Cook Islands and at its request
Military branches	-	no regular military forces; Ministry of Police and Disaster Management (2005)
National holiday	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)	Constitution Day, first Monday in August (1965)
Nationality	noun: none adjective: none	noun: Cook Islander(s) adjective: Cook Islander
Natural hazards	frequent hurricanes	typhoons (November to March)
Natural resources	spiny lobster, conch	NEGL
Net migration rate	11.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
People - note	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US	2001 census counted a resident population of 15,017
Political parties and leaders	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]	Cook Islands Party or CIP [Henry PUNA]; Democratic Party or Demo [Dr. Terepai MAOATE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	20,556 (July 2005 est.)	21,388 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.9% (2005 est.)	-1.2% between 1996-2001 (2001 census)
Ports and harbors	Grand Turk, Providenciales	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions	Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)	Cook Islands Christian Church 55.9%, Roman Catholic 16.8%, Seventh-Day Adventists 7.9%, Church of Latter Day Saints 3.8%, other Protestant 5.8%, other 4.2%, unspecified 2.6%, none 3% (2001 census)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	107 male(s)/female (2001 census)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	NA years of age; universal adult
Telephone system	general assessment: fully digital system with international direct dialing domestic: full range of services available international: country code - 1-649; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: Telecom Cook Islands offers international direct dialing, Internet, email, fax, and Telex domestic: the individual islands are connected by a combination of satellite earth stations, microwave systems, and VHF and HF radiotelephone; within the islands, service is provided by small exchanges connected to subscribers by open-wire, cable, and fiber-optic cable international: country code - 682; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	5,700 (2002)	6,200 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,700 (1999)	1,500 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; 2 cable television networks) (2004)	1 (outer islands receive satellite broadcasts) (2004)
Terrain	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps	low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south
Total fertility rate	3.08 children born/woman (2005 est.)	3.1 children born/woman (2001 census)
Unemployment rate	10% (1997 est.)	13.1% (2005)

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